Urban Transformation in Cascina Merlata: Sustainability and Growth in Municipio 8

Origins of the Cascina Merlata Redevelopment Plan

Cascina Merlata is one of Milan's most ambitious urban redevelopment projects, transforming a peripheral zone into a modern, integrated residential neighborhood. Located in Municipio 8, near the Fiera Milano and Expo 2015 site, the area was historically agricultural, marked by underutilized land and industrial remnants. The shift began with strategic planning efforts by the City of Milan and private developers aiming to address the city's demand for sustainable, affordable housing.

The area's transformation was closely tied to the 2015 World Expo, which provided an opportunity to develop infrastructure and invest in surrounding districts. As part of the Expo legacy, Cascina Merlata was envisioned as a sustainable urban district offering a mix of public housing, commercial zones, schools, parks, and transit links. The goal was to create a liveable environment while showcasing green building techniques and energy-efficient planning. This initiative represented a pivot toward sustainability in Milan's broader urban strategy.

Key Features of the Master Plan and Housing Model

The master plan for Cascina Merlata includes a total of over 3,000 residential units, with a significant portion dedicated to public and subsidized housing. Several architectural firms contributed to the district's layout, integrating aesthetic diversity while adhering to energy efficiency standards such as Class A building certification. Buildings are arranged around pedestrian-friendly corridors, green spaces, and internal courtyards to encourage community interaction and reduce reliance on vehicles.

One of the key achievements of the project is the development of Italy's largest zero-emission residential area, a benchmark for environmental performance in urban housing. Heating and cooling systems are powered by centralized geothermal and solar solutions, with no fossil fuel-based sources. Waste separation, rainwater collection, and smart utility monitoring are built into the infrastructure, demonstrating the district's commitment to ecological living.

A dedicated portion of housing was initially built to host international delegates and workers during Expo 2015. These units were later converted into permanent residences, facilitating a smooth transition between temporary and long-term use. The result is a mixed-residency neighborhood with socio-economic diversity and architectural continuity, avoiding the pitfalls of segregated or isolated housing developments.

Public Amenities, Mobility, and Connectivity

The Cascina Merlata development emphasizes walkability and access to essential services. Public amenities include the Parco di Cascina Merlata—one of Milan's largest urban parks—complete with pedestrian trails, native plantings, and sports areas. Educational institutions such as Scuola Primaria di Cascina Merlata and nearby nursery and secondary schools serve the growing young population.

Mobility is another cornerstone of the district's success. Cascina Merlata is connected to Milan's public transport network via tram line 12 and several bus lines. It lies close to the Rho-Fiera high-speed rail hub and has planned integration with the M1 metro line via the new Cascina Merlata station currently in development. Bike paths, car-sharing points, and electric vehicle charging stations further reduce dependence on private vehicles and align with the city's broader climate goals.

Retail and commercial services are integrated into the neighborhood through the Merlata Bloom shopping and leisure complex. Designed as a multi-use center, it offers grocery stores, retail outlets, dining options, and entertainment facilities, eliminating the need for residents to travel far for basic needs. This promotes a self-sustaining urban environment in which work, living, education, and recreation co-exist within walking distance.

Sustainability and Social Impact of the Development

Cascina Merlata is often highlighted as a model of how sustainability can be mainstreamed into city-scale development. Buildings are designed for low energy consumption, while the entire district is conceived with circularity in mind. Recyclable materials, low-impact construction techniques, and ongoing monitoring of environmental performance have earned the area attention from European urban planners and sustainability organizations.

In addition to environmental goals, social cohesion was built into the neighborhood's vision from the beginning. Mixed-income housing, public schools, and inclusive public spaces aim to prevent social fragmentation. Community gardens, public art installations, and neighborhood associations foster resident participation and pride in place. The district has attracted a diverse population, including young families, immigrants, and professionals seeking affordable yet modern living near the city's core.

Local initiatives often promote citizen engagement in sustainability goals, such as zero-waste education campaigns and urban gardening workshops. These efforts, paired with institutional support from the Municipio 8 administration, ensure that Cascina Merlata continues evolving as both a physical and social ecosystem aligned with Milan's progressive planning framework.